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澳洲靠谱代写教你提高Essay写作连贯性(Coherence)

发表时间:2021-01-20 16:32:02 作者:zhouzhengmao 阅读:175次

在Essay写作中,所谓coherence很多留学生都是云里雾里,并没有很清晰的认知。作为澳洲靠谱代写机构,本文meeloun论文网帮助大家理解所谓“连贯性”,并提供高分段8大连贯方法技巧供参考。

澳洲靠谱代写教你提高写作连贯性(Coherence)

Coherence in a piece of writing refers to the principle that all paragraphs, sentences or ideas in it fit together so well that they form a united whole. Coherent writing has smooth structural, grammatical, and logical movement from one sentence to the next, from one idea to the next, and from one paragraph to the nest. When reading a coherent piece of writing, the reader does not have to pause and guess at the meaning caused by gaps in development between ideas, sentences and paragraphs.
Coherence(连贯性)在写作中指在一篇文章里,所有的段落,句子或者观点都紧密联系并组成一个关联的整体。具备连贯性作文在句子之间,观点之间,段落之间,具有结构上,语法上以及逻辑上的流畅。当阅读一篇连贯的作文,读者不会因为观点,句子和段落之间意思的跳跃间断而停下来思考。
 
Coherence in English writing exists on two levels -- the overall level and the local level.
连贯性在英文写作中有两个层次—— 整体水平及部分水平
 
Coherence at the overall level means that the information arrangement and structure of a piece of writing should follow the logical thinking and the expectation of the readers, and that the sentences express the meaning that is intended by the context. Although different individuals may have their own opinions about a topic, their expectation and logic of thinking are similar. More specifically, if an author announces that he is writing an essay on sports, which is the context the readers will expect him to discuss athletics, swimming, or ball games, all of which lie within the context of sports. If he unexpectedly goes on with a discussion of economic problems in his home country, the readers will certainly become confused, since the writer is talking out of the context.
整体水平的连贯性意味着,一篇文章的信息组织和结构,应该符合逻辑思考及读者的期望,句子传递的意思是上下文本身的意图。即使不同的人对一个话题,可能有他们自己的不同看法,但是他们的期望和逻辑思考是相似的。更具体来说,如果一个作者声称他正在写一篇有关运动的论文,那么读者就会期待他讨论田径运动,游泳或者球类运动,所有都在他所写的运动的背景之中。如果他出乎意料地开始讨论一个他自己国家的经济问题,读者肯定会很懵逼,因为作者跑偏了他的话题背景。
 
Coherence at the local level means that different sentences and paragraphs are logically and smoothly linked to express the intended meaning: the central idea is prominent, the key words are repeated, and the scope of discussion is restricted within the intended range.
部分水平的连贯性意味着,一篇文章中,句子和段落都符合逻辑地流畅地连接在一起来传递意思。中心观点明确,关键词被重复,讨论的范畴都在话题意思之内。
 
The following is an extreme example of an incoherent paragraph:
Yesterday morning, I went to a bookstore. All the foods on the shelf are very fresh and cheap. As my other took some beautiful pieces of furniture home. When I came out of the movie theatre, I found it had snowed in the afternoon.

来看个不知连贯性为何物的反面教材:
昨天早上,我去了书店。架子上的所有食物都很新鲜和便宜。因为我妈带了很多漂亮的家具回家。当我走出电影院,我发现中午下雪了。
 
In the above paragraph, a reader would expect the first sentence to be the context, “I went to a bookstore yesterday”. The reader will then expect an account of what new books he found and bought. However, none of the following sentences refer to the bookstore anymore. Thus, although all the sentences are grammatically correct, they do not form a coherent paragraph and thus fail to convey any coherence meaning.

在上面的段落中,读者以为第一句话就是背景,即“作文再说我去了书店”。读者会以为后文会解释作者在书店买了啥,看到了啥。然而,后面的句子没有一句跟书店有关系。因此,即使这些句子语法上都是对的,但是他们并不能构成一篇连贯的段落,而因此传递不了半毛钱的连贯意思。
 
In Write to Communicate: Practical Writing, it has been mentioned that Chinese is a reader-responsible language while English is a writer-responsible language. The different ways of achieving coherence in Chinese and English again reflect this difference.

Write to Communicate: Practical Writing这本书中提到,中文是“读者负责的”语言,但英文是“作者负责的”语言。这两种语言实现连贯性的不同方式也反应了这种区别。
 
Chinese relies more on the connection of meaning, including meaning between the lines. Therefore, the Chinese language often leaves the connection of meaning to the readers themselves. When students with a Chinese background write in English, they tend to follow their Chinese way of thinking. On the other hand, English relies more on explicit cohesive devices employed within the flow of the text, in the form of words, phrases, repetition, etc., providing more linguistic and logical information for the reader. If one examines a piece of native English speaker’s writing carefully, one will find that cohesive devices appear almost everywhere in that piece of writing.

中文更多依赖意思的连接,包括行与行之间的意思。因此,中文经常把意思连接的任务交给读者了。这样一来,当中国学生用英文写作的时候,他们会继续他们的中式思维方式。但是,英文更多依赖行文中清晰的连贯衔接手段,用词,短语,重复等形式,给读者提供更多的语言和逻辑信息。如果你去钻研一下地道英文使用者的文章,你就会发现,他们的文章中无处不见连贯衔接手段。
 
Cohesive devices are generally classified into three types.
 
Grammatical devices.
Refer to the grammatical connections between different sentences. The agreement of tense and number is one of the devices, and parallel structure is another example.
 
Lexical devices.
Refer to the connection achieved by the choice of words and phrases, such as the use of pronouns to replace ordinary or proper nouns, the use of synonyms, etc..
 
Logical devices.
Refer to the logical connection among sentences, time relationship, space relationship, cause-effect relationship, etc.. These relationships are usually achieved by adding various adverbs or adverbial phrases in the sentences and paragraphs.

Essay写作8大连贯方法技巧

Essay写作8大连贯方法技巧


Use pronouns to replace noun or noun phrases.
使用代词替代名词和名词短语

Napoleon was a great soldier. He was also a great administrator.
He decided to take some heavy shoes with him. He thought that these would be useful in case he went walking.
 
Use pronominal forms to replace adverbials of time and place.
使用代词替代时间地点

We called on them soon after breakfast. We should have realised that this was a bad time for a visit.
I decided to take my books back to the library. When I got there, I found it was closed.

Use pronominal forms to replace clauses or sentences.
使用代词替代分句或句子

Some students work all night just before an exam. This is a great mistake.

Repeat the key words.
重复关键词

These train services are not used very much by commuters. As a rule, commuters tend to travel much earlier.

Use synonyms or words of similar meaning to express the same idea.
使用同义词或近义词传递同等意思

These cars were first made in 1972. When they were first produced, they were not very popular.

Use constructions implying whole-part or part-whole relationship.
整体与部分

You will need to take some tools with you. You can buy a hammer, a saw, and a screwdriver at any hardware store.

Use related word forms.
改变词性

Seven people have been arrested so far. The arrests were made late last night.

Use parallel structures.
使用平行结构

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable tights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

以上就是Meeloun论文网小编为大家分享的关于Essay写作连贯性的介绍,如果大家不能再Essay写作中做好连贯性又想Essay取得更好的分数,那么建议 大家选择澳洲靠谱代写机构——Meeloun论文网为您服务,我们竭诚为海外中国留学生提供各类Essay代写服务,原创保证,通过保障,欢迎咨询。

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